{"type":"standard","title":"Lordships of Esens, Stedesdorf and Wittmund","displaytitle":"Lordships of Esens, Stedesdorf and Wittmund","namespace":{"id":0,"text":""},"wikibase_item":"Q132146767","titles":{"canonical":"Lordships_of_Esens,_Stedesdorf_and_Wittmund","normalized":"Lordships of Esens, Stedesdorf and Wittmund","display":"Lordships of Esens, Stedesdorf and Wittmund"},"pageid":78854456,"thumbnail":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/FlagHarlingerland.png/330px-FlagHarlingerland.png","width":320,"height":192},"originalimage":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/FlagHarlingerland.png","width":2560,"height":1536},"lang":"en","dir":"ltr","revision":"1284164942","tid":"2f74292a-1278-11f0-8fb3-275bcd9c4ab2","timestamp":"2025-04-05T23:46:25Z","description":"Territory in the Holy Roman Empire","description_source":"local","content_urls":{"desktop":{"page":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lordships_of_Esens%2C_Stedesdorf_and_Wittmund","revisions":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lordships_of_Esens%2C_Stedesdorf_and_Wittmund?action=history","edit":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lordships_of_Esens%2C_Stedesdorf_and_Wittmund?action=edit","talk":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Lordships_of_Esens%2C_Stedesdorf_and_Wittmund"},"mobile":{"page":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lordships_of_Esens%2C_Stedesdorf_and_Wittmund","revisions":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/Lordships_of_Esens%2C_Stedesdorf_and_Wittmund","edit":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lordships_of_Esens%2C_Stedesdorf_and_Wittmund?action=edit","talk":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Lordships_of_Esens%2C_Stedesdorf_and_Wittmund"}},"extract":"The Lordships of Esens, Stedesdorf and Wittmund formed a contiguous area in the old district of Harlingerland in the north of the East Frisian peninsula. As in the other areas of East Frisia, the system of the old Frisian freedom in Harlingerland came under increasing pressure due to the rise of the chieftains. In Harlingerland they owned castles in places such as Dornum, Esens, Stedesdorf, Werdum and Wittmund. All these strongholds came one by one into the hands of the powerful chieftain family Attena in the fifteenth century. The first to call himself 'Chieftain of Esens, Stedesdorf and Wittmund' was Sibet Attena in 1455; a loyal follower of Ulrich Cirksena, the later founder of the County of East Frisia. His son, Hero Oomkens, on the other hand, turned away from the Cirksena dynasty and its claims over the entire East Frisian peninsula. A long and bitter struggle followed in which the counts of East Frisia tried in vain to gain control of Harlingerland. It was not until 1600 that Count Enno III of East Frisia succeeded in bringing the lordships of Esens, Stedesdorf and Wittmund within East Frisian influence through the Treaty of Berum of 28 January 1600. However, the area never became fully part of the County of East Frisia: it was only connected to it in a personal union. Thus, the East Frisian estates had no say in the area.","extract_html":"
The Lordships of Esens, Stedesdorf and Wittmund formed a contiguous area in the old district of Harlingerland in the north of the East Frisian peninsula. As in the other areas of East Frisia, the system of the old Frisian freedom in Harlingerland came under increasing pressure due to the rise of the chieftains. In Harlingerland they owned castles in places such as Dornum, Esens, Stedesdorf, Werdum and Wittmund. All these strongholds came one by one into the hands of the powerful chieftain family Attena in the fifteenth century. The first to call himself 'Chieftain of Esens, Stedesdorf and Wittmund' was Sibet Attena in 1455; a loyal follower of Ulrich Cirksena, the later founder of the County of East Frisia. His son, Hero Oomkens, on the other hand, turned away from the Cirksena dynasty and its claims over the entire East Frisian peninsula. A long and bitter struggle followed in which the counts of East Frisia tried in vain to gain control of Harlingerland. It was not until 1600 that Count Enno III of East Frisia succeeded in bringing the lordships of Esens, Stedesdorf and Wittmund within East Frisian influence through the Treaty of Berum of 28 January 1600. However, the area never became fully part of the County of East Frisia: it was only connected to it in a personal union. Thus, the East Frisian estates had no say in the area.
"}{"type":"standard","title":"Wirtsberg","displaytitle":"Wirtsberg","namespace":{"id":0,"text":""},"wikibase_item":"Q2585747","titles":{"canonical":"Wirtsberg","normalized":"Wirtsberg","display":"Wirtsberg"},"pageid":27976496,"thumbnail":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Wirtsbergturm.jpg/330px-Wirtsbergturm.jpg","width":320,"height":240},"originalimage":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Wirtsbergturm.jpg","width":2048,"height":1536},"lang":"en","dir":"ltr","revision":"1083068778","tid":"48d99913-bdc7-11ec-80b4-78605a34310f","timestamp":"2022-04-16T20:53:36Z","description":"Mountain in Germany","description_source":"local","coordinates":{"lat":50.26666667,"lon":12.3375},"content_urls":{"desktop":{"page":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirtsberg","revisions":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirtsberg?action=history","edit":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirtsberg?action=edit","talk":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Wirtsberg"},"mobile":{"page":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirtsberg","revisions":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/Wirtsberg","edit":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirtsberg?action=edit","talk":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Wirtsberg"}},"extract":"Wirtsberg is a mountain of Saxony, southeastern Germany.","extract_html":"
Wirtsberg is a mountain of Saxony, southeastern Germany.
"}